Step-by-step guide to buying a home

Buying a house, particularly for the first time can be daunting. The decisions you make along the way could save you – or cost you - many thousands of pounds. Here’s our step by step guide to buying a home, your checklist for all the key stages of buying a house

1.    Decide if buying a home is right for you

• Although 86% of people in the UK want to own their own home, it’s not always right for everybody all the time – See Is buying right for me?
• There are a number of things you need to think about before setting off on your home hunting quest – not least whether you can actually afford it. See Can I afford to buy a home?

2.    Decide if you should sell first

• If you are already a homeowner, decide whether you want to sell your house or flat before you buy. It can be riskier in a rising market, but there are upsides. In particular, you will be able to pounce quickly when you do find the home of your dreams, and you won’t be trapped in a housing chain
• See Should I sell my home before I look for a new one?
• If you decide to buy and sell at the same time we take a look at the steps you can take to make things run more smoothly.

3.    Decide on your budget

• How much do you want to spend? This might be dependent on how much of a deposit you can get together. See How much can I afford?
• Don’t forget the variety of one-off and ongoing costs of buying a home. These can put an extra 15% on the cost of your home – more if you are doing serious building or redecoration work. See The costs of buying and owning a property

4.    Get your finances in place

• If you are a first-time buyer, see our guide to First Time Buyer Mortgages.
• Work out how much of a deposit for the mortgage you can get together. Think about savings, the “bank of Mum and Dad”, the “bank of Granny and Grandpa” and how much you would get if you put your current home on the market and paid off your deposit.  If you have any savings on long term deposit that you plan to use, cash them in.
• Decide what sort of mortgage you want. See What type of mortgage should I get?
• While you can’t get a mortgage before you buy, you can get a mortgage in principle, which will put you in a stronger position.
• See How and when should I get a mortgage?
• A mortgage broker can be particularly helpful if you would like advice on mortgages, to scan the full range of mortgages in the market or if you have special circumstances such as being self-employed.  Find out more about our fee free mortgage broker service
• If you are buying a new build property, see our advice on getting a mortgage for a new build home.

5. Decide where you want to live

• If you want to move to a new home close to where you already live, there is little to decide
• If you want to move to a different part of town, or across the country, then deciding the area is more difficult and time consuming
• This is a very important decision – get it wrong and you will either be unhappy with where you live, or face the costs of moving again.
• See How do I choose a new area to live in?
• You may be considering whether to buy a new build or an existing older or period property.

 6.    Choose a specific property

• Once you know the area you want to live, research the properties in that area thoroughly so you get to know the local market well
• You then need to butter up local estate agents. See How can I get estate agents on my side?
• You need to visit as many properties as possible, and make sure they are no hidden surprises. See Things not to forget when viewing a property and clever questions to ask your estate agent 
• It’s also important to understand whether the property is freehold or leasehold, and that it is not on a short lease.
• If you are looking to buy a new build property, see our top tips for buying a new build and buying off-plan

7.    Make an offer – and get it accepted

• Make sure you are in the strongest possible position as a buyer. Get to the front of the buyers’ queue
• Decide how much you want to pay, including for fixtures and fittings. See How do I know I’m not paying too much?
• Make the offer to the estate agent, and seal the deal. See Making an offer – and haggling over the price 
• You might be asked to pay a small holding deposit of £500 or £1000 to show you are serious. It will be repaid if the sale falls through
• Hopefully your offer will be accepted by the seller
• Consider whether or not to get Home Buyer’s Protection Insurance

8.    Arrange a mortgage

• You should ideally have got your finances in place as much as possible before making an offer – see step 4. If so, you now just need to go back to your mortgage company with the agreed offer and complete the process
• If you haven’t got your finances in place, you must now scramble to do so as quickly as possible, before the seller loses patience.
• You will need to get the lender to make you a formal mortgage offer before you can exchange contracts (step 12)
• If buying with a mortgage, it is also a good time to consider whether life insurance is a good idea

 9.    Hire a solicitor or conveyancer

• Once you have agreed an offer on your house, you need to get a solicitor or conveyancer to handle the legal work to transfer ownership of the property to you.  With Homeowners Alliance conveyancing you can compare quotes to find the cheapest, nearest and best rated conveyancers from our panel of quality assured conveyancers
• Your mortgage company might require you to go with one that is on their panel, which might make the decision for you. Don’t necessarily go with one suggested by the estate agent. See Finding the right solicitor or conveyancer?
• Work out how much conveyancing will cost you with our guide and use our handy list of questions to ask your conveyancing solicitor to help make your final choice
• The solicitor or conveyancer will do the searches, such as with the local authority and Environment Agency, to ensure there are not any major problems with the property. See the conveyancing process explained in Conveyancing made easy for buyers

10. Decide if you want a survey

• Your mortgage lender will require a valuation by a surveyor, to ensure that the property is a good enough to lend against. This is not a proper survey, and will only look superficially at the property
• You commission your own survey to evaluate the condition of the property and alert you to any potential problems you will face once you move in. Unless you are very experienced with property, it is usually worth getting a survey done
• We outline survey types, survey costs and what to consider in What sort of survey should I have?

11. Arrange a deposit

• Before you can exchange contracts (see step 13), you need to arrange a deposit of 10% of the sale price of the property, and give it to your solicitor or conveyancer
• You should either have the 10% deposit from the deposit you have arranged for the whole property, or might be able to raise it from the sale of your existing home

12. Exchange contracts

• When you exchange contracts with the seller you become legally committed to buying the property – and they are legally committed to selling it do you
• If you pull out after this without due reason, your 10% deposit can be forfeited.  See How do I exchange contracts?
• You should only exchange contracts after you have received the surveyors report, and any necessary action has been taken
• Before you exchange contracts, you need to agree a completion date with the seller, about four weeks after the exchange
• You can only exchange contracts after the solicitor/conveyancer is satisfied with the searches, a formal mortgage offer has been received, and arrangements made for the 10% deposit
• You need to ensure that you take out buildings insurance for the property from the date of exchange, as you are responsible for it from then on. Indeed, it is usually a condition of the mortgage that you have buildings insurance in place. You can get a quote from our partners at A-Plan Insurance today

13. Final arrangements and negotiations

• You need to negotiate any final things that have not yet been agreed, such as buying the seller’s appliances
• You need to make arrangements for the supply of electricity, gas, water and telephone service, and that the seller has got readings made. Often, it is easiest simply to change the account name for the existing suppliers to the property, rather than change suppliers, which you can do at a later date.
• See our guide on how to find the right removals company and compare removals quotes
• Use our moving house check-list to help you plan your move and it is a good idea to consider the best day to move
• The solicitor/conveyancer will inform the land registry that they are in the process of transferring ownership of your property
• Your solicitor/conveyancer should be liaising with the mortgage company to ensure the money will be ready for completion. You need to ensure that your deposit is also ready, and normally you will pay that to your conveyancer before completion

14. Complete the sale

• Completion is when you pay for the property and take ownership of it, and takes place at a certain time of day – often midday
• On the day of completion, the money is transferred and the deeds of the property are transferred, between each side’s conveyancer
• See what happens on the day of completion

15. Take possession of your new home

• The seller has to leave the property by the time of completion, and you should then be able to collect the keys, normally from the estate agent
• You are now free to move in, or if you are doing any building work before hand, the workmen can now start
• You will need to make normal administrative arrangements for getting permission for parking for removals vans etc.

16. Pay stamp duty and settle up with the solicitor and conveyancer

• After completion, your solicitor or conveyancer will send you an account, covering all their costs and disbursements, as well as the purchase price of the house and stamp duty. See how much stamp duty you will pay and when this is due
• Your solicitor or conveyancer will normally pay the stamp duty for you, and ensure that the change of ownership is registered with the land registry
• There may be a small refund due to you if the solicitor has overestimated the costs.